PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.